Sunday, January 3, 2010

Safety of Germanium

Ge-132 Improves Immunity Following Surgery:
The effect of 2-carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide (Ge-132) as an interferon inducer on post-surgical immunosuppression was evaluated from the immuno-logical response augmented in canine neutrophils, macrophages, and peripheral blood lymphocytes, with a control group. Those in the Ge-132-administered froup (Ge-132 group) were enhanced for a long time after surgery. These results suggest that Ge-132 pre-treatment may be efficacious and useful in preventing the multifaceeted clinical symptoms induced by post-operative immunosuppression in these test animals.
Socuce: Journal of Vetinary Medical Science, 1993 Oct, 55(5):795-9
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 4

Ge-132 Shown to be Safe:
During 28 days and six months, test animals received 1mg/kg/day of Ge-132. No particular toxic symptoms, no behavior trouble, except a small decrease of body weight in male animals, at the end of the six-month experiment, were observed. Germanium urinary excretion was constant and linked to the received dose. Six months later, no preferential accumulation in organs was observed.
Socuce: Journal de Toxicologie Clinique et Experimentale, 1991 Dec, 11(7-8):421-36
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 14

Organic germanium was correlated with lowered blood pressure in test animals. Similar results were also reported at the Proceedings of the Japan Cancer Association, 38th Annual Meeting, Tokyo, Japan, 1979, p.112
Socuce: The Clinical Report (Kiso to Rinsho, in Japanese) 7 (1978)
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 17

Organic germanium restores the normal function of T cells, B lymphocytes, antibody-dependent cell toxicity, natural killer cell activity, and numbers of antibody-forming cells. Studies indicate that this compound has unique physiological activities without any significant toxic effects. Organic germanium has the ability to modulate alterations in the immune response.
Socuce: The Journal of Interferon Research 4 (1984):223-233
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 17

Organic germanium is considered to restore the impaired immunoresponses in aged mice.
Socuce: International Archives of Allergy 63 (1980):338-339
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 17

Germanium works as a potent antimutagen induced in Salmonella. Antimutagenic effects were noted in bacteria.
Socuce: Mutation Research 125 (1984):145-151
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 17

Organic germanium protects against bone-mass decrease in osteoporosis.
Socuce: Asai Germanium Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan, 1984
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 17

Positive effects of oral administration of organic germanium are mediated by the inducement of interferon.
Socuce: Microbiology and Immunology 29, 1985:65-74
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 17

Germanium compounds work as a significant interferon-inducing agent.
Socuce: TProceedings of the Japan Cancer Association II, annual meeting, 1979, p. 193
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 18

Eye manifestations are closely related with systemic diseases. Decrease in retinal blood pressure was observed with administration of organic germanium. (This was the first report of the use of organic germanium in the field of ophthalmology.) It is also effective in the treatment and prevention of essential hypertension and diabetes by effecting a normalization of the body state.
Socuce: Tokyo Electric Hospital of Ophthalmology, Dr. Akira Ishikawa
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 18

When administered to test animals with normal blood pressure, the use of organic germanium shows no change. When given to test animals with high blood pressure, the animals returned to normal within 7 to 10 days. The compound has lasting effects for a considerably long period after it is discontinued. This is typical of adaptogenic substances.
Socuce: Japan Experimental Medical Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 18

Organic germanium has been shown to enhance morphine analgesia in both oral administration and injection. It appears to act by increasing the activity of morphine at the receptor sites, and by releasing self-made endorphins (the morphine-like substances manufactured by humans)
Socuce: Journal of Pharmacological Dynamics 6 (1983):814-820
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 18

Organic germanium demonstrated antitumor activity.
Socuce: Cancer and Chemotherapy 6, in Japanese (1968):79-83
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 18

A remarkable prolongation in life span is observed after oral administration of organic germanium. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 12, December 1985:2345-51
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 18

Organic germanium administered to test animals with tumors resulted in the inhibition of tumor growth.
Socuce: Anticancer Research 6, March-April 1986:177-82
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 19

Organic germanium-treated test animals showed an inhibitory effect against certain tumors in such a way that suggests that the effect is the result of macrophage activity. (Macrophages are part of the immune system. They attack the enemy.)
Socuce: Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 12 November 1985: 2122-8
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 19

Test animals were inoculated with carcinoma or leukemia cells, and then treated orally with organic germanium. The study demonstrated that the effect of the organic germanium works through the body's defense mechanisms (including macrophages and/or T-cells) rather than attacking the cancer itself.
Socuce: Anticancer Research 5, Sept-Oct 1985:479-83
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 19

This study suggests that organic germanium is useful for antitumor combination immunochemotherapy. The results are an inhibition of tumor growth, enhanced anti-metastatic effect, prolonged survival time, and recovery of lost body weight caused by chemotherapy.
Socuce: Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 13, Aug. 1986:2588-93
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 19

The antitumor action of organic germanium appears to be related to its interferon-inducing activity.
Socuce: Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 146, May 1985:97
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 19

This study suggests that organic germanium is useful for antitumor combination immunochemotherapy. The results are an inhibition of tumor growth, enhanced anti-metastatic effect, prolonged survival time, and recovery of lost body weight caused by chemotherapy.
Socuce: Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 13, Aug. 1986:2588-93.
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 19

Ge-132 May be Antimutagenic: Research studies suggest that various nutritional factors such as the antioxidant vitamins and selenium are very promising as potential anticarcinogenic agents. Moreover, some evidence exists showing germanium, at specific levels, may possess antimutagenic potential.
Socuce: Department of Oral Biology, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis 46202. Mutation Research 1995 Aug, 335 (1):21-6
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 21

Ge-132 Delays Cataract Progression: Ge-132 has been shown to be effective in preventing a process called "glycation", which results in lens opacification, or the development of cataracts. By preventing glycation, cataract progression can be delayed.
Socuce: Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI Experimental Eye Research, August 1995
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 21

Germanium Effective Against Tumors: The earliest reports on the therapeutic use of metals or metal-containing compounds in cancer and leukemia date from the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries. The were forgotten until the 1960s, when the antitumor activity of inorganic complexes were discovered. Numerous metal compoounds, including germanium, have now been shown to be effective against tumors in man and experimental tumors in animals.
Socuce: JEuropean Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 1994, 47(1):1-16
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 33

Ge-132 Provides Relief for Chronic Fatigue: Ge-132 has been found to provide relief from the debilitating symptoms of the Chronic Epstein-Barr Virus Syndrome, an affliction that may be affecting millions of Americans.
Socuce: "Use of Organic Germanium in Chronic Epstein-Barr Virus Syndrome", Juornal of Orthomolecular Medicine 1989.
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 38

Ge-132 Protects Cells From Injury: The effect of carboxyethyl germanium sesquioxide (Ge-132) on injured cells of test animals was tudied. When the cells were pretreated before injury, the cells were protected. All the effects of Ge-132 were dose-related. The results indicate that Ge-132 may improve the metabolism of certain cells and protect them from induced injury.
Socuce: Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 1992, 27(7):481-5
GERMANIUM A NEW APPROACH TO IMMUNITY by Betty Kamen, Ph.D.: page 39

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